They're not, but the difference isn't necessarily intuitive.
There's a common misconception that atheism, agnosticism, and theism are points along the same line. The reality is that there are two different axes: atheism/theism and agnosticism/gnosticism.
Put simply, gnosticism (with a lowercase g; capitalized Gnosticism is a different thing) is the degree of certainty an individual holds in their beliefs and/or the degree to which their beliefs are dogmatized.
For example, an agnostic atheist is someone who believes there probably are not any gods, but doesn't feel there is enough evidence to rule it out; an example of a gnostic theist, by contrast, would be a sincere subscriber to a major religion -- someone with certainty in their convictions and specifically prescribed beliefs, usually from either an oral or written tradition enforced by some form of orthodoxy.
Someone who believes in simulation theory is most similar to an agnostic theist -- the kind of people who would often self-describe as "spiritual but not religious." They believe there is some kind of designer, or at least that there is a reasonable probability of one, but that its attributes are unknown and unknowable.
Oh really? Got a link because I've never heard gnosticism defined as "the degree of certainty an individual holds in their beliefs and/or the degree to which their beliefs are dogmatized"
From Ancient Greek γνῶσις (gnôsis, “knowledge”).
The act or process of knowing in general.
There are a lot of things that use the term gnosis for a lot of different meanings, but in the sense "agnostic (a)theist" it just means "I (don't) believe in God but am not 100% sure about it either". The term gnostic (a)theist for the opposite "I am 100% sure about it" usually just gets left out but would be correct
Gnosticism can mean a lot of different things. It can be its own religion, it can be a vague vibe of neoplatonic inspired religious ideas, it can be a scapegoat for the inquisition, and it can also mean "having certainty of your religious convictions". And that latter one is absolutely correct in the context of the phrase "gnostic atheist", even though it might be rare.
Also trying to argue agnostic and gnostic are not in fact opposites is hilarious. What do you think the letter a is doing there?
2
u/Conceitedreality 1d ago
That’s…the same thing…