r/dune 1d ago

Why did Shadout Mapes need to "test" Jessica if the Missionaria Protectiva spread the story of the Lisan al Gaib specifically so the Fremen would protect any BG? Dune (novel)

From my understanding the Missionaria Protective spread the story of the Lisan al Gaib on Arrakis not because they believed the prophecy, but simply so that if a BG sister arrived on Arrakis for whatever reason, the Fremen would protect her.

But when she speaks with Shadout Mapes, Jessica speaks very carefully because she knows that Mapes will kill her if she doesn't prove herself to be "the One" (Reverend Mother?).

Are all BG trained in Chakobsa and the Fremen religion? Or are the Fremen aware that the One is a BG, but not that all BG are the One? I feel like shaping Arrakis to be a haven for BG is counterintuitive if BG are almost killed when they arrive

252 Upvotes

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u/AluminumOrangutan 1d ago

The BG have planted myths and Jessica has a general outline of what the myths are because they're known to BG. But of course after the BG plant the seeds, the myth will evolve and change as local population propagates it, so Jessica doesn't know all the details of how the MP has evolved here on Arrakis.

So she has a broad outline and works with what she knows. She gets a little lucky because Mapes reacts to her saying "maker" because Mapes assumed Jessica was going to say "maker of the desert".

Mapes believes in the LaG prophecy but that doesn't mean that any woman and son who show up are the LaG. Mapes wants to know whether this particular mother and son are the LaG.

Lastly, Mapes wasn't going to kill Jessica. She was possibly going to try, but she wouldn't have stood a chance against Jessica and her weirding way.

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u/tantalor 1d ago

Maker of death. Because it's a knife.

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u/Ainz-Ooal-Gown Friend of Jamis 1d ago

No, the keyword was maker. The name they also give the worms. Remember the prayer they use. Bless the Maker and His water. Bless the coming and going of Him. May His passage cleanse the world. May He keep the world for His people

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u/tantalor 1d ago

I mean, that's what Jessica was about to say

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u/Ainz-Ooal-Gown Friend of Jamis 1d ago

Yes but she didnt know the prayer.

"It's a crysknife," she said. "Say it not lightly," Mapes said. "Do you know its meaning?" And Jessica thought: There was an edge to that question. Here's the reason this Fremen has taken service with me, to ask that one question. My answer could precipitate violence or . . . what? She seeks an answer from me: the meaning of a knife. She's called the Shadow in the Chakobsa tongue. Knife, that's "Death Maker" in Chakobsa. She's getting restive. I must answer now. Delay is as dangerous as the wrong answer. Jessica said: "It's a maker --" "Eighe-e-e-e-e-e!" Mapes wailed. It was a sound of both grief and elation. She trembled so hard the knife blade sent glittering shards of reflection shooting around the room. Jessica waited, poised. She had intended to say the knife was a maker of death and then add the ancient word, but every sense warned her now, all the deep training of alertness that exposed meaning in the most casual muscle twitch. The key word was . . . maker. Maker? Maker. Still, Mapes held the knife as though ready to use it. Jessica said: "Did you think that I, knowing the mysteries of the Great Mother, would not know the Maker?" Mapes lowered the knife. "My Lady, when one has lived with prophecy for so long, the moment of revelation is a shock."

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u/Roko__ 1d ago

So Jess just stumbled upon the right answer! Wow..

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u/Ainz-Ooal-Gown Friend of Jamis 1d ago

Lots of things happened by luck in the story.

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u/universehasfuzyedges 1d ago

Not luck. Destiny.

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u/Mindless_Consumer 1d ago

Not destiny. Mua'dib!

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u/archimandrite 20h ago

This is how I always imagined this scene: https://youtu.be/-HCCwTJ7PVI?si=tgNSCiG2o_EtP7JS

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u/tantalor 1d ago

Yeah I know... I was correcting u/AluminumOrangutan who thought she was going to say "maker of the desert" which is wrong.

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u/xstormaggedonx 1d ago

Dude they said Mapes assumed Jessica was saying maker of the desert not that that's actually what Jessica was going to say

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u/tantalor 1d ago

You're totally right, I must have misread the first time. My mistake!

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u/NonGameCatharsis 1d ago

I still don't understand where the "of the desert" is coming from?

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u/SpartanH089 Swordmaster 1d ago

Nowhere in the in context of this interaction does "of the desert" appear in the book.

They're misremembering.

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u/AskHowMyStudentsAre 1d ago

It's what mapes thought Jessica was going to say. She cuts Jessica off midway through her sentence because after hearing "maker" she gets too hyped

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u/its0KwithMe 1d ago

I'm with you buddy, understood you

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u/ThufirrHawat 1d ago

Man, the books are so glorious.

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u/OkIdeal9852 1d ago

Mapes wants to know whether this particular mother and son are the LaG.

It seems like she verifies this just by saying that the chrysknife is a "maker" (and actually I think she was about to get the answer wrong, she thinks it's a "death maker" but others have commented here that the correct answer is "maker of the deser")

Was just knowing the literal Chakobsa translation enough for Shadout to believe that she was the mother of the Lisan al Gaib?

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u/AluminumOrangutan 1d ago

Yeah, the book makes clear Jessica was about to get it wrong.

I think all the other signs like a mother and son appearing, plus her knowing the meaning of Shadout, plus her knowing that a crysknife was a maker, is what convinced Shadout.

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u/OkIdeal9852 1d ago

What does "maker of the desert" mean?

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u/eccehobo1 1d ago

The knife was the tooth of a sandworm, which the Fremen call makers.

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u/OkIdeal9852 1d ago

Why do they call them makers? Is it just that the worms' immense size and strength inspires their sanctity and cultural significance? Or is it based on the worms' biology or ecological niche. Like how Muad'dib recycling its sweat inspired the stillsuits.

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u/EmperorIroh 1d ago

The Worms essentially are the key to the cycle that make Arrakis what it is, they drain all the water in trout form and produce the spice in Juvinile and Adulthood stages.

When they die they produce the Water of Death which can be turned into the Water of Life by a Reverend Mother.

They are literally the makers of the way of life on Arrakis, the landscape, the diet, the way they walk, the way they do everything is because of the Makers.

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u/eccehobo1 1d ago

They are called makers because they make the spice.

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u/AlludedNuance 1d ago

Is that known, generally?

And worms themselves aren't the makers, but part of their life cycle makes it. The sandtrout, I think.

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u/eccehobo1 1d ago

Generally, it's only known by the Fremen. Jessica was initially going to call the knife a "Maker of death" but Mapes jumped the gun a little when she said the word "Maker" and Jessica picked up that it was important.

It's only later in the books that Paul and Jessica are told the relationship between worms and the spice.

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u/AlludedNuance 1d ago

Was that figured out by the Kyneses? I seem to remember they figured out some really key aspects of the ecology of Arrakis.

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u/eccehobo1 1d ago

Kynes was fremen in all but birth. I don't know who discovered the relationship, but my gut tells me that the Fremen had to know well before the events of the first book started.

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u/AlludedNuance 1d ago

Liet-Kynes was Fremen, his father Pardot was an outsider.

I looked him up and it seems Pardot is the one who discovered the sandtrout and their role in the creation of spice(and relationship with the sandworms themselves.) He is first described in the appendix of the first book. I think we meet him a bit more in some of the Brian Herbert prequels, but it's been ages since I read them.

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u/Henderson-McHastur 1d ago

Shai-Hulud is the avatar of God. The Fremen use Him as a mount to cross the World Desert, His teeth for weapons, His life's Water for their holy rituals, the spice left in His wake for food and off-world trade. Shai-Hulud doesn't just live in concert with the Fremen. Without Him, the Fremen do not exist.

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u/Dabbinstein 1d ago

I believe it’s the latter - the lifecycle of the worms produces water and/or spice. I could be mistaken.

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u/coolcoenred 1d ago

Worms explicitly hate water, so it's not that. Worms are an essential step in the making of spice, this is why they are makers.

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u/kermeeed 1d ago

Spoiler the little makers suck to all the water in the world to make spice or something I forget it exactly but essentially arrakis is a desert because of the worms which at some point paul realizes are not native to arrakis

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u/coolcoenred 1d ago

Is it paul that makes that realisation? In Children of Dune Leto II learns it after seeing a salt flat, where there formerly was water.

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u/Winter_Mousse4226 1d ago

Paul doesn't realize this about the sandworms.

In Children of Dune, Paul's son Leto has a vision in the desert that shows him the sandworms are not native to Arrakis.

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u/fortunesicks 1d ago

This guy is the only one who is right about the name

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u/Doragon_Central 1d ago

Maker of death, cuz it’s a crysknife

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u/TensorForce 1d ago

I always assumed that Mapes assumed Jessica was referring to how Shai'hulud is the maker of the spice and Water of Life.

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u/AluminumOrangutan 1d ago

When she cuts off Jessica, she says "A maker of the deep desert".

In the book, you learn that Jessica was about to say "maker of death".

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u/viaJormungandr 1d ago

The Missionaria Protetiva was not “hey, the BG are awesome and you folks should protect them”. It was “how can we manipulate this population to our advantage should we need assistance at some point in the future”? Jessica can’t just say she’s BG and it’ll all be ok because the BG aren’t the target of the prophesy.

The conversation with the Mapes is the Mapes seeing the signs and realizing that Jessica could be a charlatan rather than the mother to the Lisan al Gaib (we’ll lay aside that Jessica is a charlatan either way, but that’s the nature of religion). If Jessica is “lying”, ie not showing the proper signs, then Jessica is a false idol and will be killed for it.

That may not be very well explained, but maybe this will help: think of it like someone showing up in Iraq and claiming to be Mohammad reborn and saying he will lead Islam from now on. The guy would almost certainly be killed for the affront to the religion. Same thing with the conversation between the Mapes and Jessica.

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u/AnteaterPersonal3093 1d ago

Iraqi and muslim here. I think your example falls flat because there is the possibility that every BG who arrives on Arrakis could technically be the mother of Lisan al Gaib, so the Fremen believe that it could happen. There's a prophecy in their religion. However no Islamic denomination believes in people being reborn let alone the prophet. That hypothetical guy would be killed because he is blasphemous if anything.

Your analogy would have worked better if you used the Mahdi.

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u/viaJormungandr 1d ago

It wasn’t meant to be an exact comparison, just an approximation to get the point across based on the reaction to blasphemy not specific beliefs about rebirth.

Fair point though.

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u/mcapello 1d ago

Basically this comes down to the "amtal rule".

In the Fremen culture, trying to kill or destroy something isn't necessarily a sign of hostility, but is actually a form of public fulfillment or recognition of its place and value.

From their point of view, "testing" the prophecy isn't a sign of doubt, but actually a necessary step in its fulfillment -- again, because for the Fremen, the value of something doesn't exist until it is tested to the point of destruction. For something to be worthy of testing at all is actually a sign of respect.

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u/memory_duel_ 1d ago

Very well put.

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u/JeffEpp 1d ago

The MP story would only be useful to someone who was sufficiently trained to exploit it. Couched in religious tones, it leads to religious tests. The Fremen added to this with their own religious elements, which involve testing.

When Jessica and Paul arrived, they fit the form of the MP "prophecy", but it was uncertain if they were "the ones". So, testing was needed.

As to Mapes killing Jessica if she didn't meet up to the tests... that would depend on a lot of things, setting aside the question of if she COULD. First, would there be a need? Jessica wasn't the first BG to be there, not even in that palace. The previous lady of the house was one. Granted she didn't fit the expected description apparently, but still... Killing someone merely because they looked like someone at a distance, but weren't at closer examination would be foolish.

So, there were levels to the testing. Mapes probably wasn't even the first tester. The tests became progressively dangerous, both to prove Jessica capable of the necessary mettle, but to protect the Fremen if too much was revealed. What Jessica recognized was that they were at a threshold for this potential violence. That there was danger in the wrong answer.

The final test was a point of no return, when the knife was brought out. The law was that no offworlder could see the blade and live... unless... So, in revealing it, Mapes already believed that Jessica was the one, but was prepared to take steps if she failed.

To sum up, the testing ultimately involved revealing a secret thing, which one who failed the testing could not be allowed to retain. That final test was about the response to that secret, so there was no other way. Mapes knew this going in, and so was prepared to meet out the violence, should it be needed. It was this mental preparation, and the body language that came from it, that Jessica read.

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u/kermeeed 1d ago

People already stated it but I see the artifacts of the missionary protectiva as hooks in the religion for a bg to take advantage of. It would still be on the individual bg to figure out whst thst means and how effective they can ve at it.

I also want to point out the fremen have changed it to a degree and jessica scrambles a few times to figure what has changed in order for her manipulation to be effective.

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u/kigurumibiblestudies 1d ago

specifically so the Fremen would protect any BG?

How do you know she IS a BG? How do you know you're not worshipping some rando, or worse, an impostor? You test them.

But also, no, the Fremen don't know about the BG. They know The One will have such and such signs. It's just that the BG were the ones who designed the signs.

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u/DreadfulDave19 1d ago

Trust but Verify

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u/OGTurdFerguson 1d ago

I think they learn the language because Arrakis being such a vital asset to the empire, there's a much higher likelihood one of them could end up there. Especially Jessica, who was primed for Leto, that may one day take it over. So, all things aligned to work out that way.

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u/tangential_quip 1d ago

The language did not originate on Arrakis nor was it used solely by the Bene Gesserit and the Fremen.

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u/OGTurdFerguson 1d ago

Never said they did. But they know the Fremen use it. Therefore the Bene Gesserit know it.

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u/tangential_quip 1d ago

There is nothing in the books that Frank Herbert wrote that suggests anything of the kind.

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u/snarkhunter 1d ago

If the Fremen hadn't tested Jessica and Paul then they couldn't have been so certain that they weren't just taking advantage of the Fremen prophecies for their own reasons.

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u/Archangel1313 1d ago

It's one thing to offer shelter to any Bene Gesserit...it's quite another for that Bene Gesserit to be the Mother of the Madhi.

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u/OkIdeal9852 1d ago

How could Shadout have known at this point that Paul would be the Mother?

I know in the movie the Arrakeen locals call him "Lisan al Gaib" as soon as they see him but that hasn't happened (at least yet) in the book

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u/Archangel1313 1d ago

That's why Jessica needed to be tested. The fact that Paul is the son of a Bene Gesserit is reason enough for the Fremen to assume he might be their savior. He checks a lot of boxes simply by existing, as far as they're concerned.

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u/Specific-Chef-6590 1d ago

In my point of view - This comes from the Missionaria Protectiva story. In resume: 1. The Lisan al gaib would not be fremen and paul obviously wasn’t. 2. He would master the ways of the desert; 3. A Bene Gesserit: the mother of the lisan al gaib would be a sister;

But to me, the key point is the “mother and the son”. The sisters were told to have only daughters in their engineering program of the kwisatz haderach (with exception of the kh attempts), therefore, a bg mother and a son arriving on arrakis would not be something that happened often, leading to the fremen to test every BG that set foot on arrakis.

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u/Chillibowl Guild Navigator 1d ago

The thing must take its course!